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Encore: Vermonters want to normalize composting toilets, upcycling human waste

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Some Vermonters are using composting toilets and other non-traditional methods for handling human waste.

Human waste is not something we tend to talk about. We do our business, flush our toilets, and that’s that. But some Vermonters have decided to recycle their waste for better use.

In a rebroadcast of an episode from January, host Mikaela Lefrak talks with Abe Noe-Hays, cofounder and research director at nonprofit in Brattleboro; Chrissy Wade, co-owner of in Waterville and a “humanure� compost advocate who leads Vermont's eco-sanitation working group and offers compost consultation services; and Bruce Douglas, wastewater program manager at Vermont's Department of Environmental Conservation, .

They spoke about ways some Vermonters are collecting and using human waste, as well as efforts to increase the acceptability of composting toilets in Vermont.

Originally broadcast live on Jan. 9, 2023; rebroadcast on June 21, 2023, at noon and 7 p.m.

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Mikaela Lefrak is the host and senior producer of Vermont Edition. Her stories have aired nationally on Morning Edition, All Things Considered, Weekend Edition, Marketplace, The World and Here & Now. A seasoned local reporter, Mikaela has won two regional Edward R. Murrow awards and a Public Media Journalists Association award for her work.
Tedra worked on Vermont Edition as a producer and editor from 2022 to 2024.